Wednesday, August 26, 2020
Case Study of Tommy & Keith Pte Ltd-Free-Samples for Students
This is a letter concerning the deal request that had been handled on the primary seven day stretch of May. If you don't mind let me feature the agreement determinations with the goal that the specifics of the understanding or arrangement become clear between the two gatherings. It had been referenced in the agreement that the specific prerequisite for the organization Lee and Lee, had been the substitution of the hundred units of printers in the workplace. The specific issue confronted with the current printers had been that, they were 10 years old and the paper plate embedded into the scanner machines were not robotized. This implies the paper plate must be physically adjusted or expelled when the paper sizes were changed from A4 to A3. Accordingly, the essential state of the understanding that is reflected in the agreement is that the new scanner machine should empower copying both A4 and A3 papers without the manual modification of the paper plate. Another significant condition that had been referenced in the agreement is that the scanner machines ought to have consented to the necessa ry details and the printer machines ought to be conveyed inside sixty days from the date of marking the agreement, bombing which would bring about the installment of fine from the vender organization. Presently, it ought to be clarified that the both the conditions had been effectively met. This implies Tommy and Keith Pte Ltd had made a conveyance of a hundred printer machines inside the primary seven day stretch of May. The significant detail of the agreement that the printer machine could copy both A3 and A4 measured papers without the manual change in plate had likewise been met. The scanners conveyed by us encourage the copy of the A3 estimated paper with the minor pressing of a catch. The machine has a manual feed opening for fruitful execution of copying the A3 estimated papers. The requirement for the expulsion of the manual space isn't there in the event of the conveyed, COUSINS brand scanner machines. Tommy and Keith is an association of much worldwide notoriety. We convey a larger part of the printer machines in Hong Kong. Being, the business chief of the association, it is my essential obligation to pass on the way that until date there has been both positive and negat ive input with respect to our items. Be that as it may, there has been no official grumbling that the items, which we have conveyed, are not quite the same as what has been referenced in the understanding or agreement of the organization. Moreover, for us the witticism has consistently been that ââ¬Å"THE BUYER IS ALWAYS RIGHTâ⬠. Along these lines, the specific necessity that had been the assistance of the copying of both A4 and A3 estimated papers without the manual change in the plate had been effectively met. In addition, there has been no notice in the agreement about the conveyance of the copiers with double plate. In spite of the fact that the association, Tommy and Keith had been clearing the single-plate copier units, that doesn't legitimize the claim brought over by Lee and Lee. In addition, this is the way that has empowered the organization to give the delicate at such a modest rate. It is an error with respect to your organization that the necessary investigation of the item had not been directed before marking of the agreement. It ought to be noted here that no further units will be conveyed to Lee and Lee as the arrangement has been effectively shut. Alavi, H., 2016. Legally binding limitations on right of recipient to draw on a Letter of Credit; conceivable special case to standard of independence. Global and Comparative Law Review, 16(2), pp.67-86. Singed, C., 2015. Agreement as guarantee: A hypothesis of authoritative commitment. Oxford University Press, USA. Schwenzer, I., 2016. Worldwide unification of agreement law. Uniform Law Review, 21(1), pp.60-74. Wirtz, J., Tuzovic, S. what's more, Ehret, M., 2015. Worldwide business administrations: Increasing specialization and incorporation of the world economy as drivers of monetary development. Diary of Service Management, 26(4), pp.565-587 End your uncertainty 'should I pay somebody to do my thesis by profiting paper composing administrations from
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Innovation Management in Honda
Presentation Innovation is change and for any change to be compelling, it must be based on the beforehand existing frameworks and give better outcomes. Directors must be enthusiastic about the advancement organize for it to yield the ideal outcomes. There is likewise a need to include different firms with a similar vision as advancement is consistently being presented through collaboration.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Innovation Management in Honda explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More If development is effective, at that point it serves the parent organization just as the business on the loose. For this to occur, there must be a ton of interdisciplinary systems administration, a consistent chain of activities that limits wastage as far as the two assets and time. Development the executives is consequently, the coordination of the executives and architects with a view to the acknowledgment of set organization objectives through a spread out pro cedure. With a steady administration process, openings emerging both inside and outside of the organization can be seized and new thoughts introduced and at long last, new imaginative items. Development the executives isn't just an administration or specialist issue yet additionally a procedure that is comprehensive of all staff paying little heed to where they work. It is a developmental procedure and not an irregular thing and henceforth, the board must build up the way of life of advancement by building the diverts that support it in the organization. A progression of exercises that incorporate pursuit, select, execute and catch must (Trott 2005) be incited for there to be acceptable development the board. Advancement can either be pulled or pushed, with the push originating from as of now created or existing advances that the organization targets capitalizing on while the force procedure originates from the acknowledgment that a vacuum exists where client needs are not being sat isfactorily met. The organization accordingly centers its endeavors in attempting to close that vacuum by developing new items for that arrangement of market. The two procedures must be accomplished if enough data is obtained and groups that are flexible put resources into. Because of the firm rivalry in the market, item lifetimes have been significantly decreased and consequently, advancement chiefs must be quicker in thinking of better items that enhance the nature of existing ones.Advertising Looking for report on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this paper, we are going to basically investigate the procedure of advancement the executives in Honda utilizing the apparatuses of search, select, actualize and in the end catch. At long last, we are going to make proposals that are planned for improving the administration of advancements. The explanation we center around Honda is that it has been a market chief in the cruiser business since 1959. Moreover, there was adequate data on the organization accessible for this examination. Honda is likewise the main maker of interior burning motors by volume notwithstanding it being the biggest maker of cruisers all around. In 2001 it turned into the second biggest vehicle produce in the Japanese market just surpassed by their enduring adversaries, Toyota, the fourth biggest car producer in the US and 6th biggest internationally (Taylor 2008). They were the first to fabricate an extravagance vehicle in Japan and have since expanded their items to incorporate generators, planting apparatus, marine motors and airplanes. The organization spends around 5 percent of its income on RD (innovative work). Honda discharged the principal cross breed electric vehicle one month before Toyotaââ¬â¢s arrival of the prius, touted to be the best mixture. The EPA had it as the most eco-friendly vehicle monetarily created in the US. The issue emerge d from the disappointment of a subsequent market intend to raise essential mindfulness for the items to be generally welcomed in the market and furthermore the arrival of the prius which was an enhancement for the Honda model. Honda in this way shows maintainability where it comes to advancement and industry change. It has delivered items that constantly look to change the elements of the market. In this exploration, I will examine different strides of development the board to be specific; search, determination, usage and catch. At long last, I will make proposals with respect to the accepted procedures on the equivalent. Through this organization, it will be anything but difficult to perceive how fruitful advancement the board is done.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Innovation Management in Honda explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Search The 21st century is one that is described by numerous difficulties. Customarily, an organization exclusive ly centered around conveying great items to their clients bringing about the least expenses while expanding effectiveness. In this century be that as it may, the green development has taken the cutting edge in pushing ecological obligation. A worldwide temperature alteration and dumping of squanders represent a test for tree huggers all around and the world everywhere consistently acknowledges that the ideal opportunity for activity is presently, if the eventual fate of ages to come is to be made sure about. It is in the background of these difficulties that organizations are working nonstop to think of inventive methods of lessening discharges that are touted as the main sources of ozone layer harm and thusly an unnatural weather change. The organizations that will deal with these advancements most adequately are the ones that are probably going to come out on top.à In this section, we will concentrate on scanning for open doors for development. As carbon discharges are the main t oxins of the earth, vehicle organizations and other assembling firms need to start to lead the pack in searching for methods of building options in contrast to carbon. The decrease in discharges alone isn't the best helper of advancement yet additionally the all out procedure of carrying positive effects into nature in general including decrease of different squanders utilized in the assembling procedure, reusing water and land recovery. This along these lines represents an open door for Honda to benefit from and lead the route into the eventual fate of assembling without contamination. Honda can deal with these issues by using producing techniques that emanate less carbon dioxide for example by utilizing sustainable power source rather than coal. Human life is truly important. In this way, cars need not be diplomats of death but instead accommodating devices with a numerous of helpful ways.Advertising Searching for report on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More There is thus a need to make cars with expanded wellbeing highlights that lessen the danger of mishaps and whose significant need is the decrease of fatalities coming about because of car accidents. An open door along these lines emerges that difficulties car makers like Honda to create vehicles that forestall crashes a break from the slamming vehicles of today. With innovation directing almost all parts of our lives these days, the future can just present open doors for better mechanical developments that improve our lives further. Honda isn't exclusively a vehicle and motorbike producer, but instead an organization with a wide scope of items planned for improving the lives of individuals. The future, with great administration understanding, will offer the organization better chances to develop their scope of items. Another road that presents an open door for advancement is the disclosure of new markets. Framework changes from nation to nation contingent upon a wide scope of compone nts including the pay levels of the occupants and the normal conditions like the geology, geography or the climatic states of those regions. To assemble proficient hardware, an organization must have the option to confront the difficulties new markets present and in this manner, striking advancements may emerge. For instance, vehicles that are principally worked in view of cold territories can't be relied upon to use a similar cooling component as those enhancing the desert. Along these lines, section into new markets can provoke an organization to be increasingly creative. Meanwhile, as the world is energetically looking for an elective wellspring of vitality and move away from oil, organizations are deciding to make infant strides towards this objective by creating contraptions that are eco-friendly. The organization that builds up the most proficient vehicle without any emanations adverse to the earth will be the market head in mechanical progression. A global organization seemin g to be the best in the market should likewise create methods of delivering its parts proficiently. This represents a test for the administration in choosing where they source their crude materials midway or independently. Creative methods of dealing with this cash sparing endeavor, can be created and might be received by different organizations later on. Also, Honda directors ought to energize rivalry among staff. This could be through the setting up of extra plans and execution based advantages. This could go about as a trigger for advancement. At last, Honda ought to redistribute those pieces of its assembling forms that are massive and unfruitful. This should empower the firm to concentrate more on issues, for example, innovative work that require advancement however have better yields. Select To pick what chances to gain by, the board must be on toes to guarantee that need is offered distinctly to those it considers generally beneficial and furthermore those which champion the course of the organization best and have the wellbeing of the more extensive society on a fundamental level including nature. Techniques should thusly be created, which activities will be taken and why they are the best from the decisions accessible. Since each organization on the planet is receiving the green idea, Honda has likewise gotten the quarrel together with various important intercessions. The administration has built up a few plans after some time focused on the maximiza
Wednesday, August 19, 2020
First Year Academic Merit Scholarships have been Awarded - UGA Undergraduate Admissions
First Year Academic Merit Scholarships have been Awarded - UGA Undergraduate Admissions First Year Academic Merit Scholarships have been Awarded Over the last several months the Admissions staff has carefully reviewed all our newly admitted First Year students to consider them for University of Georgia academic merit scholarships. (See the list and our discussion of merit and need-based aid at our website, https://admissions.uga.edu/article/scholarships-at-uga.html.) All scholarships available through Admissions have now been awarded, and we have contacted each of the recipients via email and mail. At UGA, academic merit scholarships have become increasingly competitive.This is mainly due to the limited funding we have for these awards and the high number of extremely capable students who now gain University of Georgia admission. Always continue to search for scholarship opportunities, whether or not you have been awarded a scholarship from Undergraduate Admissions Office. Search your academic major for scholarships online. Use our web site and the Office of Student Financial Aid web site to search for external scholarship opportunities. Also, remember to look for local scholarship opportunities for students in your home community. https://www.admissions.uga.edu/Prospective-Students/Tuition-Fees/Scholarships/External-Scholarships http://osfa.uga.edu/announcements.html If you have been selected for any of our Academic Merit awards, congratulations! Please be sure to read your offer letter carefully. Keep it for your records. In this letter you will see what requirements you must maintain to renew your scholarship each succeeding year and, in general, how much the scholarship is worth in relation to your overall costs.
Sunday, May 24, 2020
Mary Shelleys Frankenstein - 2805 Words
Plot Overview The story of Frankenstein, written by Mary Shelley,starts off with Robert Walton, one of the main characters in the book, on his mission to explore the North Pole. Walton is the captain of a ship heading to the North Pole. He writes to his sister who lives in England the dangers of the mission. Suddenly the mission is interrupted by impervious ice. While trapped in the ice Walton and his crew spot a strange figure in a dog-drawn-sledge. The following day they encounter another figure but this time it is Victor Frankenstein. He has also been travelling by dog-drawn-sledge but has been weakened by the cold. Walton brings Victor onboard. As soon as Victor Frankenstein starts to recover he starts describing to Walton his earlyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦But while he waits for the monster he hears Elizabeth scream, realizing that the monster was planning to kill her and not Victor. When his father also dies he decides to find the monster and have his revenge. Victor chases the monster but, when he is about to catch up with the monster, the ice breaks, separating Victor and the monster.Now the narrative catches up to when Victor encounters Walton. Walton finishes the remainder of the story with a few other letters directed to his sister. Victorââ¬â¢s illness worsens and dies shortly thereafter. Walton decides to cancel the mission. Several days later Walton returns and, to his surprise, finds the monster weeping in remorse. He confesses that he meant no harm for his creator and that now that he is gone he too will end his life. Character Analysis Victor Frankenstein - The protagonist and main narrator of portions of the story. He is the creator of the monster that ruins his life and the life of others. The monster - The eight-foot-tall hideous creation of Victor Frankenstein. He tries to integrate into the human society but is rejected by everybody. His feeling of loneliness and abandonment lead him to seek revenge against Victor Frankenstein, his creator. Robert Walton - The Arctic seafarer that picks the weakened Victor Frankenstein up off the ice and brings him back to health. He hears Victorââ¬â¢s story records the incredible tale in a series of letters addressed to hisShow MoreRelatedMary Shelleys Frankenstein1689 Words à |à 7 PagesGreat Expectations Fathers and Son, Frankenstein. The novel I have chosen to discuss is Frankenstein. Written in 1818 by Mary Shelley, Frankenstein is classified as a gothic novel, however, Shelly uses both realist and non-realist techniques. I will be looking at her reasons for writing the novel and what influenced her, as well as the realist and non-realist techniques used. I will be looking at some of the contemporary social issues that affected Shelleyââ¬â¢s life at the time she wrote her novelRead MoreMary Shelleys Frankenstein1179 Words à |à 5 Pagesbecome determined to perfect at what they do. They eventually become tragically doomed through creating their own individual moral codes by struggling with their internal battles within their minds. Mary Shelley presents us the first persona of a romantic hero through Victor Frankenstein in her book Frankenstein. Shelley fabricates Victor as the main narrator throughout the book, along with Captain Walton and the creature, which Victor creates. Another hero during the Romant ic era is the Ancient MarinerRead MoreMary Shelleys Frankenstein Feminism1429 Words à |à 6 PagesRobert Youshock Prof. Matthew Gerber HIST 1012 10/19/18 Mary Shelleyââ¬â¢s Frankenstein: Feminism before it was mainstream? Writing a paper on the topic of Frankenstein days before Halloween might give you the wrong idea- lets clear something up straight away Frankenstein is the doctor not the monster and the monster doesnââ¬â¢t have a name (which we later learn is mildly important to the story). You see, Mary Shelleyââ¬â¢s Frankenstein is arguably a story of creation, murder, love, and learning amongst manyRead More Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay929 Words à |à 4 PagesMary Shelleys Frankenstein The characterization of Victorââ¬â¢s creature, the monster, in the movie although somewhat dramatically different from Mary Shelleyââ¬â¢s portrayal in the novel Frankenstein also had its similarities. Shelleyââ¬â¢s views of the monster were to make him seem like a human being, while the movie made the monster out to be a hideous creation. The creatureââ¬â¢s appearance and personality are two aspects that differ between the novel and movie while his intellectual and tender sidesRead More Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay1312 Words à |à 6 PagesMary Shelleys Frankenstein In order to illustrate the main theme of her novel ââ¬Å"Frankensteinâ⬠, Mary Shelly draws strongly on the myth of Prometheus, as the subtitle The Modern Prometheus indicates. Maurice Hindle, in his critical study of the novel, suggests, ââ¬Å"the primary theme of Frankenstein is what happens to human sympathies and relationships when men seek obsessively to satisfy their Promethean longings to ââ¬Å"conquer the unknownâ⬠- supposedly in the service of their fellow-humansâ⬠. ThisRead More Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay1622 Words à |à 7 PagesMary Shelleys Frankenstein Nineteen-year-old Mary Shelley didnââ¬â¢t know when she began it that her ââ¬Å"ghost storyâ⬠would become an enduring part of classic literature. Frankenstein is an admirable work simply for its captivating plot. To the careful reader, however, Shelleyââ¬â¢s tale offers complex insights into human experience. The reader identifies with all of the major characters and is left to heed or ignore the cautions that their situations provide. Shelley uses the second person narrativeRead MoreEssay on Mary Shelleys Frankenstein1643 Words à |à 7 PagesMary Shelleys Frankenstein In 1818 a novel was written that tingled peopleââ¬â¢s minds and thrilled literary critics alike. Frankenstein was an instant success and sold more copies than any book had before. The immediate success of the book can be attributed to the spine-tingling horror of the plot, and the strong embedded ethical message. Although her name did not come originally attached to the text, Mary Shelley had written a masterpiece that would live on for centuries. Read MoreEvil in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein1462 Words à |à 6 PagesMary Shelleys Frankenstein is very much a commentary on the Enlightenment and its failure to tame the human condition through reason. The human condition can be defined as the unique features which mold a human being. The creature is undoubtedly a victim of this predicament. He grapples with the meaning of life, the search for gratification, the sense of curiosity, the inevitability of isolation, and the awareness of the inescapability of death. These qualities and his ceaseless stalking of hisRead MoreMary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay1086 Words à |à 5 Pages Mary Shelley wrote the book Frankenstein sometime in the 1810s. She was born in London in 1797 (Biography). Her mother was an author of prime literary stock who was trying to encourage women to pursue their ideas and strive to earn the status as equals. The Scientific and Industrial Revolutions that were taking place around Mary Shelley certainly influ enced her while she was writing the book. The creation of machines and experiments at the time made people wonder what the limit of human technologyRead MoreMary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay846 Words à |à 4 Pages Shelleyââ¬â¢s Frankenstein does an excellent job at demonstrating the ideas and accomplishments of the enlightenment period. Shelly expresses these ideas and thoughts through the character of Victor Frankenstein who is an aspiring scientist seeking an intellectual challenge. Victor Frankenstein live s his hometown of Geneva and leaves in quest of a valued education in Ingolstadt. When Victor arrives at college he is lonely and finds himself in a new world in which he lives by himself. He than meets
Wednesday, May 13, 2020
I Am A First Generation Mexican American - 1822 Words
This class has not only reinforced my cultural beliefs, but it has also challenged some preconceived notions of all cultures. I am a first generation Mexican American. My parents were born in Mexico and came to American 25 years ago. In contrast, I was born and raised in California with my older and younger brother. My brothers and I constantly struggled between two distinctive cultural normsââ¬â the Mexican culture, and the American culture. My parents are from a small town called San Juan De Los Lagos in Jalisco, Mexico. San Juan is centered on religionà ¬Ã¢â¬â it is the home of La Virgin De San Juan, Henceforth, both of my parents were reinforced with strict religious values. My mother attended an all girls catholic primary school. My father was less fortunate and had to attend public primary school, however, since San Juan is grounded on religion, public schools also integrated reliogious values. My parents constantly compare and complain about the lack of values schools in the Unites States teach in their curriculum. Things like: respect your elders, and proper etiquette skills. Due to stricter boundaries here in the U.S, I can see why integrated such things can become problematic. For example, both of my parents experienced physically getting scolded with a ruler for things like: talking back to professors, being disruptive, and even for having dirty fingernails or a messy appearance. Although my parents were raised in strict catholic environments, they have not reinforcedShow MoreRelatedI Am A First Generation Mexican American992 Words à |à 4 Pages I am a first generation Mexican-American that comes from humble beginnings and was instilled to work hard to achieve ones dreams. My parents are humble, earnest, and hardworking people that immigrated to the United States in search of a better tomorrow for themselves and for their loved ones back home. Coming to this country was not easy, for they faced many obstacles in getting here and then assimilating into a culture where they knew no one and did not know the language. My mother, a housekeeperRead MoreThe Power Of The Zoot By Luis Alvarez1293 Words à |à 6 Pagesbelonging. Throughout this book, the author discusses race, gender roles, generation differences, dignity, and national belonging/violence during world war two. Part one of this book ââ¬Å"Dignity Denied: Youth in the Early War Yearsâ⬠, discusses the political and economic context of the United States in the early 1940ââ¬â¢s, when the zoot suit style grew popular (Alvarez, p. 10). During world war two, many African and Mexican Americans contributed to the war effort, because they thought it was what they neededRead MoreThe And Latino Stereotypes On The Campaign Trail1526 Words à |à 7 Pages I love whenever President Trump says something about Mexicans in any of his speeches. Taken from ââ¬Å"Fear and Latino Stereotypes on the Campaign Trailâ⬠on Media Education Foundation, one such amazing quote is from Trumpââ¬â¢s presidential announcement speech, in which he states that Mexico is ââ¬Å"sending people that have lots of problems, and theyââ¬â¢re bringing those problems [to] us. Theyââ¬â¢re bringing drugs, Theyââ¬â¢re bringing crime. Theyââ¬â¢re rapists.â⬠I feel like I fall short of these views Trump ha s on MexicansRead MoreThe Importance Of My Identity1014 Words à |à 5 Pagestrue of gender expectation. I was born in Mexico, but at six years old I came to the United States. Fortunately, within a year I learned English. This is the dilemma I faced with regards to my identity. My appearance is Hispanic and I identify my ethnicity as Mexican. However, my identity is actually a combination of the Mexican and the American culture. On one hand, Hispanics did not completely accept me, because they said I am not Mexican enough, or they believe that I deny my heritage. When growingRead MoreLife Of A Child Of An Immigrant968 Words à |à 4 Pagesfather was 16 when he first moved to the U.S. and my mother years later moved when she was 19. I am a child of immigrants and it was hard growing up. I consider myself a Mexican American or Chicana. I grew up in the suburbs of Los Angeles and later moved to Las Vegas. As I asked my father what he had to deal when he first moved he said ââ¬Å"people would discriminate me just because I couldnââ¬â¢t speak well English and because of my brown s kinâ⬠. ââ¬Å"I was only 16 and wanted to live the American dream, but it wasRead MoreEssay about Chicano Nationalism1631 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe American Heritage Dictionary , is ââ¬Å"a Mexican-Americanâ⬠. Nationalism, as defined by the same publication, is ââ¬Å"devotion to the interests or particular culture of a particular nationâ⬠. So by definition, we can infer that Chicano Nationalism is an interest in either the Mexican or American culture by a Mexican American, which is not a very concise definition. Before we can begin to define Chicano Nationalism, we must first define what is it to be a Chicano. In itââ¬â¢s simplest form, the American HeritageRead MoreChicano Essay Definition1067 Words à |à 5 Pagesits affirmations throughout generations. Through oral history, scattered essays, Chicano studies courses and personal relationships, I have evolved my usage of the word Chicano, as many in history have. Through experience I have learned that social, g eographical and economical elements have twisted and turned the meaning according to the moral judgments of the class or national origin.à I will utilize my knowledge and life experience as a Chicana to the word Chicano. I did this to illustrate the assignmentsRead MoreMexican American, Chinese American And Vietnamese American1519 Words à |à 7 PagesAssignment 4 Mexican American, Chinese American and Vietnamese American make up the 1.5 and second generation today in US. The majority of these immigrants come from the humblest sectors of their society on average they have only a few years of schooling or no schooling, limited urban job skills and little or no knowledge of English. Immigrants to the United States are usually called first-generation Americans, regardless of their citizenship status, and their children second-generation Americans. TheRead MoreMy View Of My Jewish Identity952 Words à |à 4 Pagesemerging in a country where most people look and act a certain way, while I am the outlier thanks to my different looks and traditions, has made me a minority. Being born in Mexico City from a Jewish family that immigrated from Poland two generations ago, and then going to college in Texas, has made me feel the differences of being lets say, ââ¬Å"differentâ⬠. When I started going to elementary school I went to the mostly catholic American School, where most kids would bully me based on my looks and traditionsRead MoreMy Grandfather And My Grandmother Essay1359 Words à |à 6 PagesMy American roots are made up of my families traditions and history. I interviewed two family members, my grandfather and my grandmother. Each one brings a different background which made them the best option. American roots are a built by families. Each family has its own traditions and ideals. For my grandparents, their American roots were built completely different from each other. Family has a major impact on an individual s life, it is the starting point of ones American roots. My American roots
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Personal Philosophy Project An Idealist in a Career Free Essays
Goodness Is an Ideal state, something to be striver for. Idealism would favor schools teaching subjects of the mind, such as Is found In most public school classrooms. Teachers, for the Idealist, would be models of Ideal behavior. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Philosophy Project An Idealist in a Career or any similar topic only for you Order Now For Idealists, the schoolsââ¬â¢ function Is to sharpen Intellectual processes, to present the wisdom of the ages, and to present models of behavior that are exemplary. Students In such schools would have a somewhat passive role, receiving and memorizing the reporting of the teacher. Change In the school program would generally be considered an Intrusion on the orderly process of educating (http://guardhouses. Roll. Deed/leaders/philosophies. HTML). There are as many characteristics of an Idealist as there are websites to quote from, so I thought It best to outline my philosophy with direct responses to the ten categories. Please see the attached matrix as I outline my CITE classroom. In short, I find myself supporting traditions while developing new approaches to promote the learning process. Consistently providing an environment of academics, media, technology to best repaper my students for the workplace of tomorrow. Personal Philosophy Project An Idealist in a Career and Technical World By masher to the philosophy of Idealism. Idealism is a philosophy that espouses the refined wisdom of men and women. Reality is seen as a world within a personââ¬â¢s mind. Truth is to be found in the consistency of ideas. Goodness is an ideal state, something to be striver for. Idealism would favor schools teaching subjects of the mind, such as is found in most public school classrooms. Teachers, for the idealist, would be models of ideal behavior. For idealists, the schoolsââ¬â¢ function is to sharpen intellectual are exemplary. Students in such schools would have a somewhat passive role, receiving and memorizing the reporting of the teacher. Change in the school program would generally be considered an intrusion on the orderly process of educating (http://guardhouses. ROI. Deed/leaders/philosophies. HTML). There are as many characteristics of an idealist as there are websites to quote from, so I thought it best How to cite Personal Philosophy Project An Idealist in a Career, Papers
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Raisin in the Sun Essay Example For Students
Raisin in the Sun Essay Lorraine Hansberrys novel, A Raisin in the Sun, revolves around a middle-class African-American family, struggling during World War II. By reading about the Youngers true to life experiences, one learns many important life lessons. One of the aforementioned would be that a person should always put familys needs before their own. There are many examples of this throughout the novel. Just a few of these would be the example of Ruth and her unborn baby, Walter regaining the respect of his family, and Mama and her unselfish ways. The first event that shows one should always put family beforeoneself is the case of Ruth and her unborn baby. At first, Ruth is thinking about having an abortion, and has already paid a five-dollar down payment to the doctor. She explains to Walter her reasoning for such drastic measures by saying, IIm sorry about this new baby, Walter. I guess maybe I better go on and do what I started I guess I just didnt realize how bad things was with us I guess I just didn t realize.(87) Ruth is going to destroy this baby because she feels that she and Walter just do not have enough money to support another family member, and feels that she and Walter will only bring the baby into a world of fighting. Beneatha also has influence on Ruths decision by asking, where is he going to live? On the roof?(58). Beneatha feels that if Ruth has another baby it would just complicate the living situation, which is strenuous enough as it is. Later, even with all of this negative energy, Ruth comes to realize that she should not take the life of her baby and decides to keep it. One of her reasons for this change of heart is that her and Walter have been getting along much better, and their constant fighting was one of the main reasons she did not want to have the baby in the first place. Also, now that they are all moving into a new house, there will be enough room for the baby. In the end, although having an abortion seems like an easy way out, Ruth instead thinks a bout the babys life rather than her own, and chooses not to terminate her pregnancy. We will write a custom essay on Raisin in the Sun specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Another example that proves this, is when Walter gives away his and Beneathas money to buy a liquor store, and loses it all. He then tries to get the money back by selling their new house to Mr. Lindner, although the only reason Mr. Lindner wants to buy it is because he and the other members of Clybourne Park do not want a black family living in their community. After the family tells him not to, Walter invites Mr. Lindner over to finalize the agreement. Walter even tells Mama what he is going to say: All right, Mr. Lindnerthats your neighborhood out there! You got the right to keep it like you want! You got the right to have it like you want! Just write the check andthe house is yours.(144) So even though Walter had his whole speech for Mr. Lindner planned out, he changes his mind at the last moment. The reason for this sudden change is because of the words his mother implied on him earlier. Mama told Walter, SonI come from five generations of people who was slaves and sharecroppers but aint nobody in my family never let nobody payem no money that was a way of telling us we wasnt fit to walk the earth. We aint never been that poor. We aint never been thatdead inside.(143) Mama is saying that Walter will be disrespecting five generations of Youngers if he goes through with his plans. The statement Mama made helped Walter to realize that by selling the house he was only making himself feel better about the money being lost, but was making everyone else in the family lose more and more respect for him. To show just how upset the family was, Beneatha even told her mother, Love him? There is nothing left to love.(145) Beneatha feels that Walter has stooped so low this time that there is nothing there but a soulless body that cannot be loved. Walter makes amends between himself and his family by telling Mr. Lindner, We have decided to move into our house because my fathermy fatherhe earned it for us brick by brick. We dont want to make no trouble for nobody or fight no causes, we will try to be good neighbors. And thats all we got to say about that. We dont want your money.(148) Walter is saying that it is their house. They are going to live in it, and have earned the right to live wherever they please. Another thing that Walter learns through this ordeal is that he should think about how his actions can contribute to the pain of the people he loves, and not to think solely about the outcome concerning himself, but the outcome concerning others as well. .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279 , .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279 .postImageUrl , .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279 , .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279:hover , .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279:visited , .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279:active { border:0!important; } .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279:active , .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279 .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u76b178dda3ebb82df7df32cb44b8b279:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Biology - Genetics EssayThe third and final example of how a person should always think about family members before themselves is the way Mama is always doing thing to make her familys life less stressful. Mama is always trying to help out the family whenever she can. Walter even gets upset about this, saying, Mama, every time we need a new pair of curtains and I have to watch you go out and work in somebodys kitchen(71). Walter is saying that whenever the family needs things they cannot afford, Mama goes out and cleans other people kitchens, even though she is in her early sixties and has worked all her life. Another way that Mama puts her family before herself is when sh e gets the insurance money. Although it is Mamas money, she still uses it to buy the family a new house so that Travis would have a better place to grow up. Mama could have spent that money on something she wanted, but instead bought something that would make the whole family happy. After she buys their new house, Mama gives Beneatha $3000 dollars towards college and gives Walter $3500 dollars to better his future. Mama has given all of the insurance money to the people she cares about, and kept none of it for herself. She thought about her childrens future and decided to invest the money towards a better life for them. This is a very unselfish act on Mamas part, a perfect example of putting family before oneself. Although sometimes people can get wrapped up in events that they feel only concern themselves, they should always take a moment to think about how their actions could be affecting the people they love. Friends will always come and go, but family is forever. If a person wants to stay close to their family, they have to consider things from both theirs and the other persons points of view. For love, people have to sacrifice things that they might not want to, but they have to love their families enough to help them before they help themselves.Words/ Pages : 1,183 / 24
Wednesday, April 1, 2020
Alain Locke The New Negro Within The Circle
Alain Locke The New Negro Within The Circle Locke, Alain. "The New Negro."Ã Within the Circle.Ed. Angelyn Mitchel. Durham London: Duke UP, 1996. 21-31 Alain Locke did an excellent job not only of showing that indeed the American Negro was not what he had been stereo typed as before, but also that he was a new force in the American political arena. This essay was written in such a way that, save a few time bound references, the majority of it could have been written a month ago. The ideas and feelings inside are all current.In the first part of the essay Locke declares that the "New Negro"Ã has appeared. Although it seems that culturally this happened overnight it was in fact something that had been building for quite some time even though it only broke into the public view recently. He relates this to the seemingly sudden emergence of Negro Spirituals that had been around since the time of the slaves.An African American boy outside of Cincinnati, Ohi...
Saturday, March 7, 2020
Health Hazards of E-Waste Recycling and Hospitals Role in India
Health Hazards of E-Waste Recycling and Hospitals Role in India Free Online Research Papers E-Waste Management is one of the major areas of concerns today. Researchers are trying to find new ways to reduce, recycle and reuse the E-Waste and governments are trying to find methods of implementations of e-waste management schemes. Developed nations are trying to cope up with this startling problem and the result is the dumping of e-waste into the developing countries like India. New health problems are emerging due to the unmanaged E-Waste industry. As the electronic recycling is an unregulated industry in India, the recycling process is dangerous to the health of its employees. A study of the related health studies in China has shown the impact of e-Waste recycling on health of workers. Such studies are important for India as these will help in designing better policies of E-Waste Management. In this paper, we present the problem of e-waste with the focus on the health. A study about the role of hospitals in dealing with this problem is also being presented with a focus of new initiatives that can be taken by hospitals in this regard. INTRODUCTION It is a major area of concern today that the wealthy countries are dumping large quantities of e-waste into the developing world. According to (Rachel Kesselman, 2007), currently, companies export 80 percent of the worlds electronic trash to Asia, and 90 percent of this flows into China, according to a BBC report. The article (Toxic Links, 2008) besides discussing the problem of e-waste recycling in India and the economies involved expresses the urgent need for educating consumers and the general public regarding the potential threat to public health and the environment posed by their products and for raising awareness for the proper waste management protocols. E-WASTE RECYCLING IN INDIA According to (Rachel Kesselman, 2007), The Indian government estimates that the country generates approximately 146,000 tonnes of e-waste annually, and that another 150,000 tonnes of used PCs, printers and other IT devices enter its ports illegally. Greenpeace International released a report (GreenPeace International, 2005) in August 2005 about the hazardous chemicals found in scrap yards in India that include tin, lead, copper, cadmium and antimony in the soil and local rivers around scrap yards where the electronic waste is recycled. It also emphasized the fact that all stages in e-waste processing could release substantial quantities of toxic heavy metals and organic compounds into the workplace environment. HEALTH HAZARDS The e-waste recycling and disposal operations found in developing countries are extremely polluting and likely to be very damaging to human health (Robert Bortner, 2008). According to (Habib Beary, 2005), computers, refrigerators, televisions and mobiles contain more than 1,000 different toxic materials. Chemicals such as beryllium, found in computer motherboards, and cadmium in chip resistors and semiconductors are poisonous and can lead to cancer. Chromium in floppy disks, lead in batteries and computer monitors and mercury in alkaline batteries and fluorescent lamps also pose severe health risks. The author (Mike Mcphate, 2004) writes about the patients suffering from problems such as bleeding from the throat and breathlessness, lung ailments including asthma, bronchitis and chronic lung infections, relating these to e-waste recycling methods used, burning of wires and handling of green circuit boards such as the task of recovering copper from printed circuit boards (PCBs). The author also shows the concern to the use of a brew of nitric acid, a toxic substance during the recycling process that releases copper as well as cancer-causing lead and mercury. According to (Emmanuel K. Dogbevi, 2007), plastics used to house computer equipment and cover wire cables to prevent flammability often contain poly-brominates flame retardants, a class of dangerous chemicals. Studies have shown that ingesting these substances may increase the risk of cancer, liver damage, and immune system dysfunction. The chemicals contained in e-waste are a cocktail of dangerous pollutants that kill both the environment and humans slowly. The recycling units are mostly in the residential areas, where children play with trash. This can lead to further health hazards. The example, as in (Andrew Pollack, 1984), specifies As batteries have become smaller, especially with the introduction of button-shaped versions, infants have started swallowing them. A swallowed battery can burn holes in the intestines and cause inflammations. SOLUTIONS FOR INDIA It is not that there is no solution for this problem. There are various articles such as (Intersindia.com, 2007), where the authors give suggestions to keep a check on this seemingly uncontrolled problem of recycling. However, to give importance to such ideas and to implement these, there is a need to understand the health hazards of this unwatched process of recycling. There is also the need of bringing health awareness to masses regarding this issue. As this recycling industry contributes to the economics of the country, the need is also to study the health impacts and to relate these directly to the recycling process. Such studies will not only help in designing controlled, supervised and monitored processed of recycling e-waste but will also help in cautious reduction of e-waste. RELATED RESEARCHES The research conducted by (Xia Huo et. Al, 2007) found that the lead contamination from e-waste processing appears to have reached the level considered to be a serious threat to childrenââ¬â¢s health around the e-waste recycling area, and that the elevated Blood Lead Levels in Guiyu children are common as a result of exposure to lead contamination caused by primitive e-waste recycling activities. Another important research, (Annao. W. Leung et. Al, 2007), is the human health risk assessment study conducted concerning dust exposure at an uncontrolled e-waste recycling site and the results can serve as a case study for similar e-waste activities in countries such as Africa, India, and Vietnam where e-waste is becoming a growing problem. COEH, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health is also involved in e-Waste management research projects and claims to be the only such center out of the 240 Medical Colleges in India (T. K. Joshi and Neeraj Gupta, 2008). HOSPITALSââ¬â¢ PROJECTS AND NEW INITIATIVES In recent years, some U.S. hospitals have taken proactive measures to not only minimize or eliminate the impact of hazardous e-waste on their nationââ¬â¢s environment, but also for saving the valuable dollars as well. One such hospital (Premier, 2009) in New England, Hartford, CT-based Saint Francis Care entered into an agreement with WeRecycle!, in 2005. The combined effort was not to allow hazardous e-waste to be sent to solid waste landfills, incinerators, prison recycling operations or developing countries. In India, it is needed that hospitals should get involved in such life saving initiatives for people of India and the ââ¬ËMother Earthââ¬â¢. Hospitals in India can come up with different initiatives to help in this regard, such as To conduct the public health awareness programs on dangers of uncontrolled e-waste recycling. To find the impact on health on people working in E-waste recycling units in India. To find the impact on health on people living near the E-waste recycling units in India, specially the pregnant women and children. To relate to specific health problems and their increase to e-waste recycling issues. In paper (Violet N. Pinto, 2009), the table 1, specifies E-Waste Component, the process needed for dismantling, the related potential occupational and environmental hazards. Such studies should be used by the hospitals to create mass awareness. The hospitals can take the initiatives of keeping a check or recording the patientââ¬â¢s health history if it is suspected to be related to E-Waste mismanagement. The hospitals can also further publish reports, based on such recordings for making the government alert on the increase of health problems of people in a given location, which is suspected to be related to E-waste. DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM AS PART OF E-WASTE RECYCLING MANAGEMENT Hospitals in India can provide a real measure of problem severity, may it be the rate of increase of stress and suicides, the criminal offences, the domestic fights, even the impact of mosquito-bites. However, this is only possible if hospitals play a pro-active role in monitoring, recording and analysis of factors related to life and death, even those that are seemingly not directed related to the diagnostics and treatments. Hospitalsââ¬â¢ role play had been considered related to E-Waste Management only to the extent of hospital or bio-waste management. However, as the sufferers of the E-Waste recycling processes also come to the hospitals for treatment, the track of recycling processes, impacts, health hazard and possible treatments can be kept easily by hospitals. HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM (Hospitalsââ¬â¢ initiatives and Projects/ Collaborations) Check on the health hazards related to E-Waste Recycling Recording Cause and Impact on Patientââ¬â¢s health. Keeping Track of such patientââ¬â¢s occupational processes and habits. Recording the number of similar cases in the locality. Research Analysis on treatments and improvements. Public Awareness Schemes. Reports Publications. Figure 1: A Health Monitoring Framework CONCLUSIONS This paper has presented the areas of Health Monitoring System, which can be further elaborated and embedded in the daily processes of hospitals. The E-waste Management Systems with health monitoring frameworks can lead to results in only the health improvement of patients but also in public thought and views related to E-waste recycling. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors are grateful to Fausta Research and Development Pvt. Ltd, Faridabad, for making of ââ¬ËFausta Research Communityââ¬â¢, to motivate research collaborations between researchers and multi-disciplinary organizations, and initiating the IT and healthcare projects. REFERENCES Andrew Pollack, Battery Pollution Worries Japanese, Published: June 25, 1984, The New York Times, retrieved on 3rd June 2008, http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=technologyres=990CE3DB1439F936A15755C0A962948260 Annao. W. Leung et. al, Heavy Metals Concentrations of Surface Dust from e-Waste Recycling and Its Human Health Implications in Southeast China, (2007), Environ. Sci. Technol. , Retrieved on 5th June 2008, ban.org/Library/Scientific/Leung_HM_Dust_Guiyu_2008.pdf Emmanuel K. Dogbevi, E-Waste is killing Ghanaians slowly, August 27, 2007, http://ghananewsonline.blogspot.com/2007/08/e-waste-is-killing-ghanaians-slowly.html, Retrieved on 3rd June 2008. GreenPeace International, Toxic Technology contaminates e-waste recycling yards in China and India, 17 August 2005, Retrieved on 3rd June 2008, greenpeace.org/international/press/releases/toxic-technology-contaminates Habib Beary, Bangalore faces e-waste hazards, BBC News, Bangalore, Last Updated: Monday, 31 January, 2005, Retrieved on 3rd June 2008, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4222521.stm Intersindia.com, E-Waste Management in Indian Scenario, 2007, Retrieved on 5th June 2008, internsindia.com/download.php?download_file=../profiles/E-Waste.www.internsindia.com.pdf. Mercedes Oestermann van Essen, ââ¬Å"The Air You Breathe Is Full Of Toxins, And I Am Not Talking About Exhaust Fumesâ⬠, Retrieved on 3rd June 2008, content4reprint.com/health/the-air-you-breathe-is-full-of-toxins-and-i-am-not-talking-about-exhaust-fumes.htm Mike Mcphate, E-waste a health hazard, Delhi NewsLine, Retrieved on 3rd June 2008, http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=81450, Published: Sunday , April 11, 2004 Premier, ââ¬ËSaint Francis Careââ¬â¢s e-waste initiatives save environment, costsââ¬â¢, premierinc.com/quality-safety/tools-services/safety/green-link/green-corner/st-francis-ewaste.pdf, retrieved on: 12th Oct 2009. Rachel Kesselman, Intel Brief: E-waste hazards, for ISN Security Watch (27/07/07), Mercyhurst-ISN intelligence, Retrieved on 3rd June 2008, isn.ethz.ch/news/sw/details.cfm?id=17914 Robert Bortner, Acumen International, Asia, Near East (ANE) Computer Recycling and Disposal (E-Waste), Retrieved on 5th June 2008, dot-com-alliance.org/resourceptrdb/uploads/partnerfile/upload/258/Ewaste%20Research%20Final.doc T. K. Joshi, Neeraj Gupta, Impact of E-Waste on Health along with case studies, Retrieved on 5th June 2008, www.assocham.org/events/recent/event_64/Dr_T_K_Joshi_Dr_Neeraj_Gupta_COEH.ppt Toxic Links, E-WASTE IN INDIA System failure imminent ââ¬â take action NOW!, Retrieved on 5th June 2008, noharm.org/details.cfm?type=documentid=1175 Violet N. Pinto, ââ¬Å"E-waste Hazard The Impending Challengeâ⬠, http://medind.nic.in/iay/t08/i2/iayt08i2p65.pdf, Retrieved on: 14th Oct, 2009. Xia Huo et. al, Elevated Blood Lead Levels of Children in Guiyu, an Electronic Waste Recycling Town in China, Environ Health Perspect. 2007 July; 115(7): 1113ââ¬â1117. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â ***** ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â Research Papers on Health Hazards of E-Waste Recycling and Hospitals' Role in IndiaDefinition of Export QuotasInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductGenetic EngineeringThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceTwilight of the UAWThe Project Managment Office SystemBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use
Thursday, February 20, 2020
ECRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words
ECRM - Essay Example The following paragraphs will describe the scope and meaning of the terms consumer demographics and psychographics and then explains how marketing analytics is used to optimize sales campaigns for targeting the customers. Consumer demographics consist of data related to factors like the gender, age groups, marital status, income levels, cultural and social background, regional backgrounds, political or religious affiliations and educational background (Park and Srinivasa, 1994). It is understood that these factors help in shaping the customerââ¬â¢s preferences and likes and also shape his overall attitudes towards products or services as well as the actual consumer behavior. For example, the age group of the customer will determine what lifecycle stage he is in ââ¬â if the customer is in his 30s then it is likely that he would be starting on his career and would have a household with spouse and kids. This lifestyle stage would involve the customer in purchases related to house maintenance, groceries or health or medical insurance. Similarly, a teenager would prefer to purchase music while a woman with kids would buy baby food. Demographic data therefore provides a great amount of insight into the likely preferences and needs of potential customers. It is therefore essential from the marketing point of view as it provides a basis of forecasting demands by the companies. By collecting accurate demographic data, the organizations can get a clear picture of prospective customers for their own specific products and services (Brewer, 2005). For example, an organization that manufactures ready to make processed foods would select a target demographic profi le for its potential customers as educated married couples with both spouses working and having a substantial income. This profile is chosen because it is expected that people who are married and have kids and are also working, would be hard pressed for time and would therefore prefer processed
Tuesday, February 4, 2020
Identification and analysis of DNA repair mechanisms that contribute Literature review
Identification and analysis of DNA repair mechanisms that contribute to resistance against nucleoside analogues - Literature review Example Consequently, DNA is damaged frequently, and is repaired through pathways of repair and proofreading functions by DNA polymerase. Multiple mechanisms of repair within the cell act to balance these levels of mutation. However, the large number of mutations that occur means that every so often, the repair process misses these mutations and they become part of the DNA. This process can be the first step in carcinogenesis . There are currently 346 different genes that have been associated with the development of cancer, although this number continues to grow. In some cases these genes are mutated in cancer cells and not in normal cells. In other cases, genes may show substantial levels of deregulation. Both of these processes have the potential to significantly decrease the effectiveness of certain genes, leading to altered pathways within the cancer cell and the body itself . This suggests that mutations are a crucial part of the formation of cancer. Indeed, human cancer appears to have thousands of different mutations by the time that it is first detected. Furthermore, information that cancer can be inherited from one generation to the next suggests that some of these mutations can be passed along in genes . Cancer is characterised by high levels of clonal expansion of somatic cells. These cells are not subject to the normal growth regulation components of the cell cycle. Thus, they are able to proliferate beyond the normal constraints of tissue. Likewise, the controls over apoptosis are also circumvented . Most tumours that develop in the human body are substantially heterogeneous. This suggests that multiple mutations occur within human cancers driving the creation of tumours and the change in function between normal cells and cancerous cells . Thus, cancer can be considered to be a disease, or collection of diseases, that occurs due to genetic abnormalities accumulating within cells . In each generation of cancer cells, significant mutation occurs within diffe rent cells, and those that develop mutations that facilitate cancer growth are selected for, resulting in an increase in the prevalence of these cells. Mutations may be subtle, such as changes in the sequence of nucleotides, or more substantial, involving changes in the chromosomes themselves . One significant factor in cancer treatment resistance is that therapeutic killing cancer cells, while causing cancer to go into remission, can also act to select for resistance to treatment. This can result in a progression of tumour growth, with cells that cannot be targeted by the same treatment . Another form of resistance that can occur is based on the cells location in the division cycle. Cancer therapy tends to be most effective on cells that are rapidly replicating. Furthermore, resistance to treatment can often be stronger in some stages of the cell cycle than others . Cancer cells contain a wide range of mutations, and these mutations may act to drive the formation and progression of tu
Monday, January 27, 2020
Comparison of Education Reports of Behavioural Symptoms
Comparison of Education Reports of Behavioural Symptoms Running Head: Teacher, children, and parents reports of behavioral symptoms Comparison between teacher, children, and parents reports of behavioral symptoms associated with disruptive behaviors. Karelyn M. Gonzà ¡lez-Cruz, M.S., Josà © J. Cabiya., Ph.D., Lymaries Padilla, Ph.D. Jovette Sà ¡nchez, M.S. (The project/study described was supported by Grant Number 1 R24 MD00152-01, from the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health. Itââ¬â¢s contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.) Key Words: School age children, aggressive behavior, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, impulsiveness depression. Abstract The goal of the present pilot study was to compare the teacher, children, and parents reports of behavioral symptoms associated with disruptive behaviors using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule of Children-Parent version (DISC-P), the Diagnostic Interview Schedule of Children-Youth (DISC-Y) and the Bauermeister School Behavior Inventory (BSBI). The parents of 52 children consented to participate in the DISC-P and DISC-Y interviews. The results showed that parents and children had a moderate degree of agreement in answering symptoms of major depressive episode, symptoms of traumatic stress disorder, and symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. The results also showed that teachers had a high degree of agreement with children in their report of disruptive symptoms while no agreement was found between teachers and parents reports. Teachersââ¬â¢ reports of disruptive behaviors such as irritability, hostility, distraction, and low motivation had a moderate correlation with children re ports of symptoms related to conduct disorders and ODD. These results might suggest that parents identify more efficiently affective disorders than teachers. On the contrary, teachers appear to identify more efficiently disruptive behaviors than parents do. Comparison between teacher, children, and parents reports of behavioral symptoms associated with disruptive behaviors Assessment of child psychiatric disorders traditionally relies on information obtained from multiple informants, usually the parent, the child, and sometimes others such as teachers and additional family members. These informants may provide different information about the presence, severity, and duration of a childs symptomatology or behavior (Achenbach, McConaughy, Howell, 1987). Several studies have compared parent and child reports of the children psychiatric symptoms in structured diagnostic interviews like the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents (DICA; Herjanic Reich, 1982; Reich, Herjanic, Welner, Gandy, 1982; Welner, Reich, Herjanic, Jung, Amado, 1987), the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC; Edelbrock, Costello, Dulcan, Calabro Conover, Kalas, 1986; Loeber, Green, Lahey, Stouthamer-Loeber, 1989; Weissman et al., 1987), and the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-age Children (K-SADS; Chambers et al., 1985; Orvaschel , Puig-Antich, Chambers, Tabrizi, Johnson, 1982). These studies have documented low to moderate agreement between parents and children report of psychiatric symptoms. In general, these reports have found that parents report more behavior symptoms about their children than the children report about themselves, whereas children report having more affective and neurotic symptoms than their parents report about them (Edelbrock et al., 1986; Herjanic Reich, 1982). In addition, a meta-analysis of more than 200 studies examined agreement among informants, and reported moderate to poor agreement for most studies, including those in which agreement was assessed along symptom dimensions rather than by categorical diagnoses (Achenbach, McConaughy, Howell, 1987). Somewhat better agreement between parents and children has been observed in clinical samples when semistructured interviews were used by clinicians (Orvaschel, Thompson, Belanger, Prusoff, Kidd, 1982) and for externalizing as compared to internalizing symptoms (Reich, Herjanic, Welner, Gandhy, 1982). Asymmetrical reporting of certain types of symptoms has been found to be the most frequent source of disagreement. Parents tend to report externalizing behaviors or problems more often while children tend to report internalizing depressive or anxiety symptoms with greater frequency Edelbrock et al., 1986; Reich et al., 1982). In addition, a study completed by Bravo, et al. (2001) with a Puerto Rican sample found that parents were generally fair or moderately reliable informants when reporting about their children. Children (11-17 years) were excellent or moderately reliable informants on disruptive and substance-related disorders, but were unreliable when reporting about anxiety and depressive disorders. For lifetime diagnoses, they found that parents were fair reporters of their childrens conduct disorder, as well as substance-related disorders, whereas their children were excellent or moderately reliable reporting about most of these disorders. However, no study was found that have assessed the relationship between the teachers, parents and children report of clinical symptoms related to disruptive disorders. The goal of the present pilot study was to compare the teachers, children, and parents reports of behavioral symptoms associated with disruptive behaviors using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule of Children-Parent version (DISC-P), the Diagnostic Interview Schedule of Children-Youth (DISC-Y) and the Bauermeister School Behavior Inventory (BSBI). Method Participants Fifty two (26 boys and 26 girls) from ages 9 to 12 (mean age was 10) from the San Juan metropolitan area, who were referred by their teacher for disruptive behavior in the classroom, were administered a symptoms checklist based on the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for disruptive disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Informed consent to participate in the study was then requested from the parents of these children. The socioeconomic status of all of these children was low. The mean age was 10.06 (SD = 1.07). Of the 52 referred children, 17 children (9 boys and 8 girls) were evaluated with the DISC-Y. The mean age of this group was 10.12 (SD = 1.16). Instruments Bauermeister School Behavior Inventory (BSBI). This inventory consists of six scales for male children and five for female children completed by the teachers that evaluate anxiety symptoms, social alienation, depression, irritability-hostility, distraction-motivation and activity impulsiveness. Internal consistency fluctuates between .74 and .96; test-re-test reliability (four week period fluctuated between .52 to .89. This instrument was developed, validated and standardized for Puerto Rican population (Bauermeister, 1994). Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (C-DISC) (Shafer, D. et al. 2000). The DISC is the most widely used and studied mental health interview that has been tested in both clinical and community populations. It is a comprehensive, structured interview that covers 36 mental health disorders for children adolescents, using DSM-IV criteria. The version used in this study was the most recent Spanish translation of the DISC-IV (Bravo et al., 2001), with parallel youth (DISC-Y) and parent (DISC-P) versions. The test-retest reliability of the DISC-IV has been reported in both Spanish and English-speaking clinic samples yielding comparable results (Bravo et al., 2001; Shaffer, Fisher, Lucas, Dulcan, Schwab-Stone, 2000). The disorders assessed by the DISC were: Generalized anxiety, Panic, Post-traumatic stress, Major Depression, Dysthymia, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity, Oppositional Defiant, Conduct Disorder, Alcohol Abuse / Dependence, Marijuana Abuse / Dependence, Nicot ine Dependence and other Substance Abuse / Dependence. Socio-demographic interview. The questionnaire used in the Research Scientific Institute at the Carlos Albizu University was administered. The questionnaire provides socio-demographic information about the child and his/her family. Procedures Teachers completed the BSBI after the parents consented to participate in the study. The projectââ¬â¢s director selected advanced doctoral students in clinical psychology to be trained as interviewers. These students received two day intensive DISC workshops from trainers certified by the Columbia University original developers of the DISC. They were blind to experimental hypotheses. Interviewers contacted by phone the principal caretaker of each child to arrange for the DISC-P interview in the school. They administered first the DISC-P to the parent and afterwards they administered the DISC-Y to the child. The principal caretaker received an compensation of twenty dollars for their participation. The interviews took place in a classroom with comfortable chairs, illumination, tables, and non distractions. Quality control procedures were established to guarantee the integrity of the data gathering process. The projectââ¬â¢s director conducted weekly meetings for the supervision of recorded practice DISC interviews according to the DISC instructions manual. The interviewers received recommendations from other trained DISC interviewers, specifically on how to deal with ambiguities, which did arise, and clearly define ââ¬Å"doââ¬â¢sâ⬠and ââ¬Å"donââ¬â¢tsâ⬠in various situations. Specific situations that lead to deviations from the interview were discussed in the weekly supervisions. Results The correlations between the quantity of symptoms of the different disorders on DISC-P and DISC-Y were as follows: symptoms of inattention on DISC-P and symptoms of inattention on DISC-Y was r = .57 (pr = .70 (pr = .64 (pr = .67 (pr = .75 (p The correlations between the BSBI distraction-motivation scale and ODD symptoms on DISC-Y was r = .87 (pr = .92 (pr = .64 (p Discussion The goal of the present pilot study was to compare the teacher, children, and parents reports of behavioral symptoms associated with disruptive behaviors using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule of Children-Parent version (DISC-P), the Diagnostic Interview Schedule of Children-Youth (DISC-Y) and the Bauermeister School Behavior Inventory (BSBI). Results indicated that parents reported more behavioral symptoms (such as ODD symptoms and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms) than the children reported. Also, parents reported more affective and anxiety symptoms than their children reported. Even more, the results on DISC-P and DISC-Y showed that parents and children had a moderate degree of agreement in answering symptoms of major depressive episode, symptoms of traumatic stress disorder, and symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. The results also showed that teachers had a high degree of agreement with children in their report of disruptive symptoms while no agreement was found between teachers and parents reports. Teachersââ¬â¢ reports of disruptive behaviors such as irritability, hostility, distraction, and low motivation had a moderate correlation with children reports of symptoms related to conduct disorders and ODD. These results might suggest that parents identify more efficiently affective disorders than teachers. On the contrary, teachers appear to identify more efficiently disruptive behaviors than parents do. These results are consistent with previous research that documented low to moderate agreement between parents and children in their report of disruptive symptoms (DICA; Herjanic Reich, 1982; Reich, Herjanic, Welner, Gandy, 1982; Welner, Reich, Herjanic, Jung, Amado, 1987; Orvaschel, Thompson, Belanger, Prusoff, Kidd, 1982). In addition, a study with a Puerto Rican sample found similar results, in that parents were generally fair or moderately reliable informants about their childrenââ¬â¢s affective symptoms (Bravo et. al, 2001). One limitation of the present study was the small size of the study sample. The main reason for this was the fact that many parents that were contacted refused to participate in the study. One possible recommendation for future research is to develop specific strategies to engage more Puerto Ricans in order for them to participate in the phases of research with little immediate benefits that requires extended interviews or evaluations. These strategies could include increasing significantly the monetary compensation. Another strategy is to train the research assistants on specific ways of engaging the parents in a culturally sensitive manner like appealing to ââ¬Å"familismâ⬠which Muir, et al. (2004) have found to be essential in engaging Latinos in general including Puerto Ricans in research. Nevertheless, engagement of Latinos including Puerto Ricans in research appears to be a significant challenge and future research needs to address this area by itself in a systematic and comprehensive manner. References Achenbach, T. M., McConaughy, S. H. Howell, C. T. (1987). Child/adolescent behavioral and emotional problems: implications of cross-informant correlations for situational specificity. Psychological Bulletin, 101, 213-232. Bauermeister, J. (1994). Desarrollo y utilizacià ³n del Inventario de Comportamiento Escuela (IDC-E) en la evaluacià ³n de nià ±os puertorriqueà ±os [Development and use of the Bauermeister School Behavior Inventory (BSBI) in assessing Latino children]. San Juan, Puerto Rico: Author. Biederman, J., Faraone, S. Mick, E. Moore, P. (1996). Child Behavior Checklist findings support comorbidity between ADHD and Major Depression in a referred sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 35 (6), 734-742. Bravo, M., Woodbury-Farina, M. A., Canino, G., Rubio-Stipec, M. (in press). The Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children DISC): Its translation and adaptation in Puerto Rico. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry. Bravo, M., Ribera, J., Rubio-Stipec, M., Canino, G., Shrout, P., Ramà rez, R. (2001). Test-retests reliability of Spanish version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children DISC-IV. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 29(5), 433-444. Chambers, W. J., Puig-antich, J., Hirsch, M., Paez, P., Ambrosini, P. J., Tabrizi, M. A., Davies, M. (1985). The assessment of affective disorders in children and adolescents by semistructured interview. Archives of General Psychiatry, 42, 696-702 Cohen (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. (2nd.ed) Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Edelbrock, C., Costello, A. J., Dulcan, M. K., Calabro Conover, N., Kalas, R. (1986). Parent-child agreement on child psychiatric symptoms assessed via structured interviews. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 27, 181-190. Herjanic, B., Herjanic, M., Brown, F., Wheatt, T. (1975). Are children reliable reporters? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 3, 41-48. Herjanic, B. Reich W. (1982). Development of a structured psychiatric interview for adolescent: Agreement between child and parent on individual symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 10, 307-324. Kashani, J. H., Orvaschel, H., Burke, J. P., Reid, J. C. (1985). Informant variance: The issue of parent-child disagreement. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 24, 437-441. Loeber, R., Green, S. M., Lahey, B. B. Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1989). Optimal informants on childhood disruptive behavior. Development and Psychopathology, 1, 317-337. Orvaschel H., Puig-antich, J., Chambers, W. J., Tabrizi, M.A., Johnson, R. (1982). Retrospective assessment of prepubertal major depression with the Kiddie-SADS-E. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 21, 392-397. Orvaschel, H., Thompson, W. D., Belanger, A., Prusoff, B. A., Kidd, K. K. (1982). Comparison of the family history method to direct interview: Factors affecting the diagnosis of depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 4, 49-59. Pliszka, S., Carlson, C. Swanson, J. (1999). ADHD with comorbid disorders: Clinical assessment and management. New York: Guilford Press. Reich, W., Earls, F. (1987). Rules for making psychiatric diagnosis in children on the basis of multiple sources of information: Preliminary strategies. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 15, 601-606. Reich, W., Herjanic, B., Welner, Z., Gandhy, P. R. (1982). Development of a structured psychiatric interview for children: Agreement on diagnosis comparing child and parent interviews. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 10, 325-336. Shaffer, D., Fisher, P., Lucas, C. P., Dulcan, M. K., Schwab-Stone, M. E. (2000). NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): Description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 28-38. Weissman, M. M., Wickramaratne, P., Warner, V., John, K, Prusoff, B. A., Merikangas, K. R., Gammon G. D. (1987). Assessing psychiatric disorders in children. Archives of General Psychiatry, 44, 747-753.
Sunday, January 19, 2020
Racial Controversy Surrounding the Assassination of Martin Luther King,
The Racial Controversy Surrounding the Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. The impact of Martin Luther King, Jr. today is no doubt revered. He is commonly called the ââ¬Å"Father of Civil Rights,â⬠and is looked upon as a national icon, in an almost presidential-type light. His achievements have not only begat a national holiday for his birthday, but also helped lead to the creation of Black History Month. However, his accomplishments were not so regaled in his own time. In fact, most Caucasian Americans refused to even recognize any ban or barrier he and his cohorts attempted to change. African-Americans were just simply not respected by most whites in the 1950s and 1960s because they were considered ââ¬Å"inferior.â⬠This resonates with Baldwinââ¬â¢s opinions of whitesââ¬â¢ refusals to accept that they may have made a mistake, and instead of taking responsibility for that mistake, they dump it on African-Americans and other races. A good example of this ââ¬Å"dumpingâ⬠of responsibilities occurred with the assass ination of King. It may be a possibility that the many different conspiracy theories that evolved after Kingââ¬â¢s assassination were created in a way to avoid Caucasians admitting that a single white person shot and killed the head of the Civil Rights Movement. Along with the many different conspiracy theories, there has been an uncovering of faults in the FBIââ¬â¢s investigation, some of which include not taking African-Americansââ¬â¢ eyewitness testimony seriously. Martin Luther King, Jr.ââ¬â¢s first step into the world of civil rights occurred in Montgomery, Alabama, in December of 1951. After she refused to surrender her bus seat to a white passenger, Rosa Parks was arrested for violating the cityââ¬â¢s segregation ... ... Luther King, Jr.: Conspiracy Theory #4â⬠. Infoplease. 8 Apr. 2004 . Frank, Gerold. An American Death: The True Story of the Assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Greatest Manhunt of Our Time. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1972. ââ¬Å"King Reportââ¬âPart 2â⬠. U.S. Department of Justice. 8 Apr. 2004 . "Martin Luther King, Jr.". Encyclopedia Britannica. 2004. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. 8 Apr. 2004. Library Gateway, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois. . Ripley, Anthony. ââ¬Å"Funeral Is Ignored by Whites But Some Atlanta Stores Close.â⬠New York Times 9 Apr. 1968: 1-2. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times. Library Gateway, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois. 11 Apr. 2004 .
Saturday, January 11, 2020
Marriott Corporation Essay
While management was correct in some aspects of measuring debt capacity for Marriott Corporation, the method used to obtain the ratio of 6.64 did not include the debt from the previous repurchase, grossly overstating the ratio and leading to believe that Marriott Corporation had a large unsused portion of debt capacity. This is shown in Exhibit 5. After thorough analysis and a different approach to finding the debt capacity, it is concluded that the actual debt capacity for Marriott Corporation is 3.94 EBIT-adjusted/net interest. To come up with the actual debt capacity for Marriott Corporation, the EBIT-adjusted/net interest ratio was still used, but the numbers supporting the ratio were altered. From Exhibit 5, we get the total debt of Marriott at the end of 1979. Total debt is defined as the sum of short-term loan, current portion of long-term debt, senior debt and capital leases. The average market price of Marriott in 1979 was $14.9/share, and the interest rate for Baa corporate debt was 12%. It was assumed that Marriott repurchased stock at the price of $15/share using 12% debt financing. Using the net interest before the repurchase, which was $27.8 million, it is concluded that adjusted EBIT was $184.59 million. In 1979, additional debt from the repurchase of stock $159 million, adding this to the debt of the original figures, the new debt is totaled at $583.83 million. Using a 12% interest rate from the new debt and finding the new numbers for the ratio, the new adjusted EBIT-adjusted/net interest ratio is 3.94. This figure hits below Marriott Corporations benchmark of 5. Returning Shareholdersââ¬â¢ Capitol A. New Debt Capacity And Repurchasing Shares If the firms stock is in a position to be affected by dilution, repurchasing shares may be a solution. This would allow Marriott Corporation to maintain its ability to make decisions utilizing all the available resources. This was previously one by Marriott in 1979 with the repurchase of 5 million shares. With the new debt capacity ratio at 3.94, a repurchase share alternative is not recommended as Marriott Corporation does not have the excess debt capacity previously thought to carry out this alternative. Performing a secondary scenario analysis, suppose Marriott had just enough debt capacity, which means new adjusted EBIT/Net interest ratio equals 5. Using this number, the repurchase price should be $7.17 so that Marriott Corporation could utilize its debt capacity fully. Using this number, only 10.6 million shares could be purchased resulting in the repurchase of stock alternative not taking place as expected. This would result in investors to believe that Marriott Corporation has hit its growth limit, as the repurchase strategy would not have enough depth to persuade investors through EPS and ROE that Marriott Corporation is still a growing company. It is concluded that repurchasing shares is not the correct alternative, even with a benchmark debt capacity of 5. B. Increasing Dividends While increasing dividends would be a good alternative to satisfy investors, it is not without its repercussions as well. If dividends were to be paid out, a gradual steady increase over many years would be the best alternative, as one lump sum payment does not resolve the debt capacity issue, as well as signify to investors negative signs if Marriot Corporation were to one year pay a high divided and the next decrease that same dividend. Typically, when a firm increases dividends, that level of dividends must be maintained to satisfy shareholders, as well as institutional investors and prospect investors. Another factor to consider when analyzing this alternative, is that although Marriott Corporation has had high growth is recent years, compared to competitors, the stock price, return on equity, as well as earnings per share are low, as seen in Exhibit 11 and Exhibit 12. Although paying dividends in conjunction with a more value creating alternative could be used, solely paying out dividends is not recommended. Promote Growth A. Diversify Through Acquisition Marriott also has the alternative to invest in a new firm. Marriottà Corporation has a competitive advantage that could be passed along if they were to acquire existing companies. This competitive advantage is obtained through their competitive expertise of the industry, as well as proven higher occupancy rate than their competition. The companyââ¬â¢s assets are mainly real-estate based which means that they should put a premium on the land that they can get by acquiring a new firm. There is relatively little risk in acquiring another firm as well, because their sales can be seen and analyzed before Marriott Corporation makes an offer. According to Exhibit 10 there is a very high price to be paid for a new hotel. Prices paid for hotels, however, did not rise at all from 1975-1978 and number of offers stayed relatively reasonable. From 1977-1978 acquiring another hotel chain actually became a better deal at several data points. Market price/book value dropped considerably meaning that hotels became a much better value for the amount of assets they had. Market price/cash flow is lower as well, with average return on equity rising as well. One caveat is that buying hotel chains in the market value of $25-$250 million had a much higher tender offer/ market value in 1978 up from 39.64% to 60.05%, while hotel chains over 250 million dropped by almost as much. Although there is a risk involved with buying any company or hotel, hotels which are thoroughly analyzed beforehand could be excellent ways to promote growth in the Marriott Corporation. Hotels that would be purchased would be proven to succeed in their respective locations. B. Accerlerate Expansion of Existing Business Marriot has two options about the operation of hotel chains. First, it can own the hotel and enjoy the profit margin. Second, it can sell the hotel but retain management contracts so it controls the operation of such units. Following is the detailed decomposition of costs associated with two options. According to Exhibit 9, in 1978 the typical cost for a hotel room consists of improvement cost, furniture, fixtures and equipment cost, land cost, pre-opening cost and operating cost. For an owned hotel, Marriot had to pay the total cost for running the property, but if it is managed, Marriot only had operating cost because the buyer was responsible for the maintenance. In an attempt to emphasize more on return on invested capital rather than margins, Marriot sold some of their existing hotels and retainedà management contract to free up capital. Managed hotels had operating margin of 8%-10%, while owned had 15%. We assume 10% margin for managed hotels and 15% for owned hotels. To deci de when to sell the property, we analyze the remaining present value of future cash flow of a hotel at different point of time in its life cycle. We further assume that when the hotel is sold, the selling price is set so that present value of future cash flow equals the 10% margin. We assume $50 revenue per room night of a typical 150-room hotel, and one year has 360 days. Sales level for each year in the life cycle connects to the occupancy rate. From the graph in Exhibit 9, we get different occupancy rate for the whole life cycle. It reaches the peak 100% at year 8, and after year 10, it declines almost linearly to 10% in year 30. We can see that if Marriot sells the hotel before opening, the selling price would be $1.63 million at time 0. After the peak, assuming year 9, the selling price would be $ 1.55 million. The max value of PV is at year 4, which has $2.85 million in PV at 15% margin. Marriot Corporation would free up more capital if it sells the hotel before opening, but instead it would lose more operating profit. If Marriot is short of capital, it could sell the hotel up-front so that the freed up capital can be invested in other profitable projects. Selling after the peak is a good choice if Marriot wants to enjoy the increasing operating profit before the peak. Shareholder value can be added if the return on freed-up capital exceeds the profit loss from selling the property. Recommendation After the analysis of the different alternatives, and correctly measuring debt capacity, it is concluded that Marriott Corporation does not return shareholder capital but instead promotes growth of the existing company. This provides benefits in a couple of ways. By promoting growth, Marriott Corporation can signal to investors that the firm is still growing, providing incentives for institutional investors as well as individual investors, resulting in a positive market outlook for Marriott Corporation. Also, with the actual debt capacity measured, it is shown that Marriott Corporation does not have the additional capacity to undertake those alternatives, resulting in even more negatives in the future. By promoting the existing business, Marriott Corporation has more control over their financial prospects, through the possibilities of merging or opening orà building more hotels. This would provide positive NPV for Marriott Corporation, and perhaps in the future when cash flows continue to be positive as well as debt continues to shrink, Marriott Corporation can look into returning shareholdersââ¬â¢ capital.
Friday, January 3, 2020
Seven Great Virtues Benjamin Franklin Presentation Essay
Presentation 9/24/12 Essay #6 Jessica Brooks Pd. 2 The essay Citizen Ben: A worldly Americanââ¬â¢s Seven Great Virtues by Walter Isaacson is an essay begins talking about Benjamin Franklin. When we think of Benjamin Franklin our minds automatically turn to the story about him flying a kite in a lightening storm with a rod on to prove that lightening was electricity. This is one thing that Franklin did but he did many more as well, in fact it says that he was an inventor diplomat, writer and business strategist. He helped bring the country that we live in today about. There are many views on him that show him in a good light and some that show him in a bad light. There are some that saw that he was shallow and didnââ¬â¢t show greatâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Franklin saw that using humor was the best way to make political points. He also saw that ââ¬Å"America would always be strongest when it was confident enough and self-aware enough, to laugh at itself.â⬠In this essay it also talked about Franklins views on humility and how he found humility to be very useful throughout his life. He believes that one can never have too much humility because if you have too much than that can cause you to be proud of the humility you have and will cause you to start all over in your need to be more humble. I believe that this is true. Having humility can help in all aspects of life, if you arenââ¬â¢t going on about your own accomplishments in life and let the person you are talking to tell you all about their accomplishments it will make them feel like you are a great friend and in turn will want to do more for you. Franklin used this tactic when he wanted to launch the first subscription lending library in America. He used his club Junto to do this, during the clubs existence he always thought it best to hear everyoneââ¬â¢s point of view so when he came up with this idea he began to put it into everyoneââ¬â¢s head to it seemed like their ow n idea and it worked. To many this seems like a sort of manipulation but this is the way people think. If you want something that requires the help of others making them feel like they came up with the idea by themselves will only help your case,Show MoreRelatedA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words à |à 209 Pages343)-. and there is a great deal more to make the readerââ¬â¢s task more difficult. This manner of writing may well be intentional, whether to make the magical sections appear less suspect by interlarding them with theoretical passages, or to make certain doctrines seem less strange by administering them in small doses, or to demonstrate the equal validity of the magical and philosophical material, or for a combination of all three reasons. 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